PS4 Pro is the product of an industry obsessed with disproving its inferiority to PC

Stop competing against PCs and start enjoying consoles for what they are

[iNathan]

Nobody it´s comparing with Pcs, the reason for those Consoles has more to do with 4K adoption of Tvs than anything else, most people on Pc still play at 720p or 1080p with like 0.1% at 4K but Tv penetration is much much bigger of 4K unlike Pc monitors wich sell a few thousands, 4K Tvs are selling tens of millions each year and in some years hundreds of millions so it makes sense going that way, 4K will be standard sooner than you might think.

Not saying it will be mainstream by next year but by 2020 most tvs will be 4K across the world.

http://www.streamingmedia.c...

[uth11]

Yeah, I have a feeling the Playstion division made a deal with Sony corporate to release a 4K PS4 as soon as it was affordable to do so. It was too expensive at PS4 launch.

They've said it's been in the works since PS4 launch, and also that it's a one time thing, in other words don't expect a PS5.5

[NewMonday]

the 4Pro is more influenced by mobile cycles, mass market has been conditioned to accept hardware updates as long as everything "just works", they update the hardware but their software and content are seamlessly preserved.

[uth11]

@newmonday-. But phones tend to be subsidized to hide their true cost. If people had to pay the $600-700 each phone cost upfront for each phone on their plan, they wouldn't upgrade nearly so often.

Also ever since mobile devices took off, PC sales have been suffering because people no longer upgrade them as frequently as they used to.

So I don't see evidence that people are willing to upgrade all their tech as often as their phones.

[Aenea]

If that were true then there would most certainly have been an UHD player in there which would drive sales of 4k TVs even more...

[_-EDMIX-_]

I mean technically speaking regardless of how was created that doesn't necessarily mean they won't continue this if there is indeed a demand for secondary SKU for enthusiast.

I agree with what you're saying but I disagree with the part about not having a PlayStation 5 Pro because at this point I believe it's very very likely.

[Seafort]

@uth11
PC gamers don't upgrade their system as much as they used to due to weaker consoles not mobiles devices.

I only upgrade my PC when i have to and I haven't had to for years as the consoles have kept the system requirements quite low for PC gaming.

Consoles do stunt technology growth and expansion no matter what anyone says.

[Erik7357]

This thing dosen't even run games at 4k though other than 1 or 2 games...

[fenome]

Whomp whomp whomp

[Erik7357]

@fenome

That's the sound that plays when you buy a ps4 pro for 4k

[Erik7357]

@lamMegatron

It's good to see a another fellow human being that is apart of the pc master race like I am

[Maxor]

I just played Gears 4 in 4K 60 FPS. It's epic. But then again I have a 1080 GTX. Even then, I'm at a lost for words in regards to how well optimized this game is.

A UWP a game that runs great. I didn't think such a thing is possible.

[uth11]

It runs them close enough to 4k that the average consumer won't be able to tell the difference, and in the end that's all that matters

[fanboysmackdown]

Nobody is comparing it to pc's? Wow, what friggin' rock are you living under, we're talking about Sony zealot fanboys here. They think anything Sony builds is made of platinum and gold.

[Angeljuice]

@Beepbeep

Gold is one of the best conductors available, a solid gold console would likely be more effective at dissipating heat.

OT; if they want to stop being compared to PC, they should stop making them out of PC parts.

The cell processor was respected by the PC crowd more because it was not something available to them. They can't say "Its just a.... from a laptop".

An ARM based console is one way to go about it, but you'd be forever called an "android console".

The PS5 should be a quantum computer, that would make it stand out in a crowd./s

@Beep below

The PM's you keep sending me make me worried for your sanity. Is it your time of the month?
*After he tells me Im an American Idiot and I tell the fool that I'm English, I get told that;
"(You)"Claim to not be American" and as for an apology, I don't apologize for anything. You actually want an apology for being stupid, oh how typically American."

*As you may notice, he uses American spelling (I don't know what he has got against Americans).*

Beep..If the whole thing was made of gold, it would just be a big heatsink. He didn't say replace the copper with gold.

Seriously, just get a life. You obviously have no sense of humour and are very highly strung.

[Corpser]

The reason for PS4 pro IS to compete with PCs, says Andrew House himself
https://gamerant.com/ps4-pr...

[cd1]

To be fair i was considering building a new rig this year but have decided to go with a Pro and TV instead (bills to pay means both are out the question). This dosnt mean i necessarily agree with House btw, its just worked out this way for now

[I_am_Batman]

Edit: Didn't see Corpser's reply before posting.

Andrew House specifically said that their motivation was to keep people from migrating to PC mid-console lifecycle:

[Regarding the PlayStation 4 Pro, he suggested the Xbox wasn’t even being considered its main competition. Rather, it was the PC. “I saw some data that really influenced me,” he said. “It suggested that there’s a dip mid-console lifecycle where the players who want the very best graphical experience will start to migrate to PC, because that’s obviously where it’s to be had. We wanted to keep those people within our eco-system by giving them the very best and very highest [performance quality]. So the net result of those thoughts was PlayStation 4 Pro – and, by and large, a graphical approach to game improvement.”]

https://www.theguardian.com...

[Kenshin_BATT0USAI]

Sony compared it to gaming PCs. Everyone else was like 'yeahhh...no."

[xPaYDaYx]

Your comment is completely legit, that being said I could care less about 4k unless the game is running at 60 frames.

[DEEBO]

Or maybe they want to add more power for vr,game developers or just their playstation fans.
PC gamers think it's all about them.
It's about games.
I never seen a pcstop but there is ton of gamestops.
If it wasn't for consoles games wouldn't be were they are now.

Sony makes great games,Nintendo makes great games and MS makes great games.
What does pc offer other then graphics and framerates???
MS and sony been feeding pc gamers their hits but but is the master race blah blah blah.
No mario,no zelda,God of war??nope,
Last of us? not going to happen.
Better be happy MS shares all their games with pc or you would need emulators.
But consoles want to be PC's
Whatever!

[I3loggs24]

Salty

[Allsystemgamer]

RTS...simulators...thousands of indie exclusives...space games like star citizen...

You sound like an ignorant child.

[SoulMikeY]

RTS sucks, simulators even worse, indies SUCK!

So you got what... Star Citizen? lol. No thanks, I think I'll save money and play REAL games. PC idiots are like the KKK, anyone not like them is nothing...

[TheOptimist]

@Souldmikey
RTS and simulators sucks for you and not many agree with you on that, because RTS is coming to Xbox One via Halo Wars. There is a reason DOTA2 and LOL have the largest player bases in the world right now. And also, as for the exclusives, these days console exclusives are simple cash grabs- No gameplay innovation, only pushing for squeezing out every pixel they can. If big exclusives are made for PCs, they are made to push the technical boundaries of what is possible in terms of the HCF of the consumer grade market, not the LCM of the market.

What according to you are real games? Uncharted is same as Rise of Tomb Raider, Bloodborne is same as Dark Souls, Horizon: Zero Dawn looks like Witcher 3: Crossbow edition and what else? Until Dawn is a decision making simulator. Nioh is one game of interest, but I wouldn't be surprised to see a soul successor come to PC like how Demon's Souls made it to PC via Dark Souls. Any other game I missed? Spiderman is again another hostage taken by Sony to sell PS4 (Yes Marvel made the deal, but I think that it had something to do with the movie rights not remaining completely with Sony). God of War looks changed a bit. And last but not the least Days Gone which is Dying Light in third person.

Indies suck? Which fan base was excited for No Man's Sky? Also Witcher 3 was made by an INDIE company. If you like AAA titles, then no one's stopping you, but stop saying that Indie devs suck when we have games like COD, Destiny and BF in the AAA industry with literally 0 innovation and asking twice or thrice the money of a normal game and having useless DLCs.

[Allsystemgamer]

Yea Mikey. RTS sucks which is why they retain some of the highest player bases and many of them continue to pull in great numbers. That means they're sooooooo terrible.

Awww simulators to hard for you? Not enough boom boom and lens flair? Also hilarious how you don't think star citizen is a simulator because it would go against your narrative.

Your attitude is "me no likey so you no likey!"

Your avatar gives your age range away.

Thanks for proving my ignorant child point bud.

You say PC gamers are like the kkk yet you're the one sitting here down talking them? That's something adults call hypocrisy.

What defines a real game mikey boy? Hhhmm? Because the vast majority of those "real games" are on PC which look and run better. Oh are exclusives the only real games? Well in that case PC offers a much higher variety.

Hopefully when you hit puberty you'll learn hating everything only makes you miserable.

[Erik7357]

Its cause he is!

[Corpser]

Says PlayStation boss "PlayStation 4 Pro was born from a desire to emulate the PC experience on console."

http://www.polygon.com/plat...

[Kenshin_BATT0USAI]

A lot of Sony fans think this is a bad idea.

I mean as someone who owns a ps4 and a gaming pc. WTF is Sony thinking? If I wanted a console capable of 4k, I would just get a pc. People have NEVER purchased a console for graphical fidelity and frame rate. If they have, that's money well wasted.

[Ju]

BS. We want graphics like anyone else. But over all that, we want the convenience to pop in a game that just works. Pick up a controller and play. No OS upgrades, no hunting for drivers, the right kb, mouse or GPU. Just console simplicity. And big screen experience without hiding a keyboard behind the couch.

[Allsystemgamer]

@Ju

You can do all that on PC.

What hunt for drivers? You mean the drivers that update automatically? What "right kbm"?

My PC is hooked up to my tv. I use an Xbox one controller and Dualshock 4 depending on the game.

Don't know what you're complaining about.

[Seafort]

PC offers the cheap parts you play on with the consoles as well as most of the games you play today started on PC like CoD and Battlefield.

Without PC you wouldn't have got Witcher 3, XCOM 1 and 2, FPS games, and most if not all the indie games to date started on PC.

You are pretty ignorant if you don't think PC platform adds nothing to gaming.

[Erik7357]

Pc has many games consoles dont have. Much more indies, star citizen, civilization, etc. Also, playing FPS on consoles frankly suck compared to pc. I have no idea how people play battlfield and overwatch on console its terrible compared to pc.

[uth11]

But they are acting like resolution is the only factor than matters in making one system better than another.

Really there's a number of reasons people prefer consoles to PCs, that the graphics whores will never comprehend-- well maybe one day when they grow up, have responsibilities and require tech that just works out of the box.

[TankCrossing]

Mmm yes I'm sure the majority of people investing in high-end PCs are children with no responsibilities.

You're right that there are many valid reasons to enjoy console gaming, just as there are many valid (and often over-lapping) reasons to like PC gaming. Should have stopped there.

[Red_Renegade]

they act like children with no responsibilities.

[TankCrossing]

/golfclap

[OoglyBoogly]

@Red_Renegade

And so the hundreds of people that engage in console war arguments on this site and the millions that do it elsewhere on the internet are acting like, what, exactly?

Please, what you say about PC gamers acting like children with no responsibilities is no different that how people act towards everything else. Consoles are far from the exception.

[Allsystemgamer]

Name something consoles offer that PC doesn't.

[SirBradders]

Candy.

[SoulMikeY]

Good games. Infamous, Bloodborne, Uncharted, FFXV....

[TheOptimist]

FFXV is pretty much confirmed to come to PC. Most FFs have already released on PC. Also most of us are not interested in games like Uncharted. Bloodborne is one game that we would like and the only other I think we will definitely want will be Nioh.

[Hedstrom]

I would say ease of use and dedicated purpose. But if you have no problem with gaming on a pc i see no reason why you should get a console, maybe for some exclusive. I however cant find the fun with pc gaming, bought a 1400$ gaming rig that just stands there. I End up mostly playing on my Ps4.

[moegooner88]

Well I lived in three different countries the past 5 years, and had my PS3 with me at all times. So yeah.

[Allsystemgamer]

@mikey

Yea PC, Doesn't have good games. Uh huh. Keep trying.

[Maxor]

Bloodborne=Dark Souls 3, except Dark Souls 3 is 60 FPS on PC . FFXV? LMAO!!

Uncharted? Meh, PC gamers isn't missing anything. I have yet to hear a single PC gamer complain about the lack of Uncharted in their life. Now if you were to drop their favorite game down to 30 FPS then it'll be the end of the world.

[eyeDEVOUR]

Less cheating and the same input device which is more of a level playingfield.. Exclusives.. Ease of access and less troubleshooting.. Virus free.. Everyone runs at the same fps in multiplayer.. If i buy a game i dont have to worry about specs/system requirements.. Price point

Should i go on?

[Allsystemgamer]

@eye

Same input? You mean the ELITE controller is the same as a regular one? Wow. I guess all those spending $150 are just wasting money.

Ease of access? You mean...how I can double click the title I want to play and it launches?

I haven't had a virus in over a decade. If you get viruses these days you're a buffoon.

So striving for a higher FPS is a negative now?

The ONLY thing you've said that is true is less cheaters but that gets taken care of very quickly. I actually haven't come across a cheater in a long time. It's very easy to deal with. Report to admin = kicked.

What troubleshooting? Are you talking about when a poor port is released?

You don't have to worry about specs on a console? Well. You gotta buy a new console for the next gen of games. I've been using the exact same PC for the last 5 years. That's 360/PS3 to current. It's getting 60fps on BF1 at max.

Your position on this is equivalent to buying a PS4 game and whining it doesn't work on PS3.

No trouble shooting on console? Well gee wiz I guess all those troubleshooting forums are fake then right?

Try again. I'm still waiting for something that consoles offer the PC doesn't. Your position is one from ignorance.

[Corpser]

If resolution doesn't matter then what's the point of PS4 pro?

[Red_Renegade]

you're trying so hard to be clever you missed the word only, huh?

[Maxor]

People prefer consoles because 30 FPS that dips into mid 20s is more cinematic. I suppose this is where console players will tell each other than FPS doesn't matter.

[Erik7357]

Pc is not just prefered for graphics, but also for performance, multi tasking, bigger library of games, backwards compatability for lrevious generation of games, and just more freedom and flexibility with how you play games. Like i can play games with a ps4 controller, xbox controller, or mouse/keyboard. Just little stuff like that make it shoot past consoles.

[ApocalypseShadow]

First, some games will be 4K native on PS4 Pro and others will be upscaled to 4K. Not "faux k." Games on Scorpio will be native 4K and some upscaled to 4K. Is that also going to be called "faux k?"stop the nonsense.

Second, consoles were redesigned to cut costs making them over time and passing the savings to customers. Not just from PS1 days but from the beginning since Atari. Sony didn't start redesign of hardware. 360 was redesigned because it was shoddy hardware that was rushed to market and red ringed. That scratched your discs and also lacked HDMI. Get the facts right.

Consoles are closed boxes and the new Pro is a closed box. It may provide better performance, but it's still closed and not a PC. Buying a Pro may seem similar to power/wallet, but Sony is still offering PS4 at lower price with slim that allows VR at a good performance. You don't have to buy Pro to have VR. But with Scorpio, you have to buy it for VR because Microsoft is not providing a solution for Xbox one. An abandonment of 20+ million people.

Mods were already offered on PS4. Not only just because of Blizzard. LBP anyone? Also it was the way Blizzard wanted to do it knowing how Sony allows it and wanted to sidestep it.

If Pro sells 5+ million in a year, the basic PS4 will be at 55+ million in a year. If you think Sony will abandon that amount of owners, that crack you're smoking must be powerful. Pro is an option just like PSVR is an option just like the camera was an option. Pro just gives PlayStation fans less reason to by a PC. If you like Sony games you have a system that makes your **Sony** games better. But Sony PS4 games aren't on PC. Not like their competitor who gives you the option to not by an Xbox one for Microsoft games.

The last part of the article makes sense. Current consoles are powerful. Only because of rushed development do we have poor performance on some games. New mid gen upgrades aren't necessary. But consoles have never been competing with PC in power because they are closed. No console has ever claimed to be more powerful than the most powerful PCs. Console gaming is happy where it is. Only graphics whores make the comparisons because they are never satisfied. But not a gamer who just plays games.

[freshslicepizza]

in a nutshell your posts continue to read like this,

playstation = optimistic
xbox = pessimistic

ask yourself this, why did sony change the status quo of consoles this generation. was it because the ps4 lacked power from the very beginning to what was capable on the pc? or was it because virtual reality is the new thing and the original ps4 simply doesn't showcase it well enough so they wanted something to remain competitive to oculus and htc? or was the ps4 pro created because 4k is becoming a thing and sony wants to be part of that upgrade but not really because they dont have a 4k player?

[Ju]

Why are you bringing the Scorpio into another PS 4 discussion yet again?

[OB1Biker]

'start enjoying consoles for what they are'
Millions of people have been enjoying consoles for what they are for many years. 'Stop competing against PCs and start' doing this or that sounds like some kids retorts we see in gaming forums sometimes and doesnt augur well for the articles relevance.

[maybelovehate]

The PC of today is every bit as much a console as X1 or PS4. It just does more, is all.

[Allsystemgamer]

For some reason console only players seem to think to get a game start a game on PC you need to switch a bunch of levers, plug in a bunch of cords and smack the case just to start the game. Then repeat it after each level and download new drivers for each new chapter.

[Ju]

And you do. There will always be that one game, which doesn't work with that controller. Or you need that extra driver to run a DS4 controller... Mimicking a 360 gamelan just to find out that other game doesn't use the 360 button layout. Yes, you can configure it to run your favorite games until one comes out which doesn't run that "big picture" mode. There are no standard on PC. EA games on Steam? MS games on Games for Windows? A unified online community? Totally convoluted

[Allsystemgamer]

@ju

Xbox one controller works for all new releases that support controllers. Plus there's the stick for PS4 controllers.

Nice try though.

So because there are different services offering different games that's a negative? I'd prefer them all on steam but having Origin installed and steam causes no problems. I don't understand your point. What if you only collect physical discs? Then you have to find different stores if they're out of stock.

Drivers automatically update if you allow them.

You're incredibly misinformed. If something doesn't work that's on the devs. Not the platform.

[Allsystemgamer]

Also your point about a game not using the 360 game pad layout? If it uses a controller games post 2008 all use the 360 layout. Now it's the ONE.

Again. You're misinformed. My PC is just as easy to use as my Xbox and PS4.

It's people like you who know nothing about a platform who spread misinformation who are a problem.

[Ju]

Of course. It's on the devs. Doesn't help me as a customer now, does it? You can refute this argument as much as you like. You WILL face the moment where things don't work. Stop lying to yourself. It simply isn't a closed system. Those things are expected and that is, why we still have consoles. Simple.

[mysteryraz11]

Yea I am sure Sony or Microsoft want 1000 dollar consoles that will bankrupt them, no one has high end pcs so they don't matter,high price for consoles is suicidal and stupid

[_LarZen_]

Yeah I hate having options!

[Bladesfist]

Kinda funny but taken literally (I know this is not what you mean) I actually hear that argument more often than is funny. "At least I don't have to muck around with settings in a config file and write my own windows kernel to get my games to work" (Example marked E for Extreme)

[medman]

I think most gamers do enjoy consoles for what they are....I certainly do. I enjoy gaming on my pc, but I also could not do without my Sony and Nintendo exclusives, as they have been some of the best experiences I have had in gaming over the course of my entire game playing life.

[medman]

I think most gamers do enjoy consoles for what they are....I certainly do. I enjoy gaming on my pc, but I also could not do without my Sony and Nintendo exclusives, as they have been some of the best experiences I have had in gaming over the course of my entire game playing life.

After all, it's about playing games, so if you're not experiencing The Last of Us, Zelda, Uncharted, God of War, etc. etc. as a pc gamer, you're only fooling yourself. I play everything because I want to play the best titles. Most of my most anticipated games for 2017 are coming to Sony and Nintendo consoles. If you're locked into one ecosystem, I don't care which one, you're not doing that. Period.

[amnalehu]

Think of it as a PS4 with a 1tb HD for $399. Since that's what it is.

[Ju]

yes. with spec a la 2016. Scrap that, I actually think, it's speced better today than the PS4 was back then at that very same price.

[amnalehu]

I can't believe someone disagreed with facts. @Ju, Much better! But it's still just PS4 so I don't understand why people are comparing it to a PC, or the Scorpio which doesn't even exist yet. It's a PS4 with better specs and a bigger hard drive. When you consider that a 500gb PS4 slim is $299 and a 1 TB hard drive cost about $55, the PS4 Pro is only about $45 more than a standard PS4. If I were in the market for a new PS4 (which I am and I would argue so are the 40 million ps3 owners who have yet to upgrade) why not pay the extra $45 and get a PS4 with twice the GBU speed and also a faster CPU? For some reason got the idea that the Pro was meant to be a next gen machine.

[King_Lothric]

Not sure who is crazier, Trump or these "opinion" articles.

[Elda]

LMAO!..Agreed!

[Babadook7]

Consoles have advantages over pc. Better bang for the buck. Never needing to obsess over settings and wait for patches. More sociable. Etc. On the other hand the Pro is a good product imo. It does help me stay interest in the ecosystem a bit longer this way.

[Lon3wolf]

Never waiting for patches on consoles, really?

[UltraNova]

He's probably refering to GPU driver patches...

[mike32UK]

No, it's a product of whiney fanboys/media outlets scrutinising and crying about every frame and pixel. Ive said this before and I'll say it again, you only have yourselves to blame for their existence. Not that it matters anyway because no one is forcing you to buy it, and you have the one S and PS4 slim as cheaper alternatives. Personally I'll be getting the pro because I have a 4k TV and I'm a tech whore, will probably get Scorpio too next year

[SH1ELD]

True story . We're in the middle of this gen and yet we are still seeing articles about this subject mentioning the Playstation name as a piece of tech instead of mentioning it as a whole brand. But taking it from a business porspective and from the minds who runs this corporate imo I don't really think that they just came with this idea with a blind thinking about the consequences ,cause of course as you state it the majority of consumers will feel the inferiority of having the older version of the same device, but I think the ps4 pro exists cause Sony originally delayed the release of the original ps4 and they just don't want carry the losses that they made in the last generation by releasing the 9th gen console ahead of it's time and call it a mid cycle upgrade.

[C-H-E-F]

It's funny how playstation n PC is always compared to one another. and PC gamers always talk about "grafffffffiiiics", but they fail to realize that the overall gaming experiences i've gotten from consoles are more wholesome, a graphic to gameplay ratio that is diluted in the PC gaming world, because companies focus is "graffffffffics" not the gameplay aspect. Sony's AAA 1st party games destroy plenty of PC first party games, and thats pathetic because the PS2, PS3, PS4 games that are era comparable are atleast 1 to 2 gens behind PC software. So how can such a dinosaur keep up? must be that secret sauce.

[Bladesfist]

It's even more funny when the Playstation fanbase turn around and do the same to the Xbox fanbase. There will be bad apples in every group of this size.

[C-H-E-F]

Well the thing is, both playstation and xbox has great games. And great looking games, but it depends on what the consumer is looking for which in turn makes the selection for one console greater than the other. For example although I don't own a xbox i think Forza is one h*ll of a series, however. I don't care for games like gears of war, project star,recore, ryse, sunset overdrive etc. I prefer the Playstation 1st party line up. However the xbox gamer that prefer that will say they have a better line up. This gen until pro came out PS4 games looked better of course and will continue to happen until scorpio comes out then microsoft will have the edge on the graphical side, but if they aren't able to compensate the bland gameplay of their first party titles (from my perspective) then a 4k turd is still a turd.

[Master of Unlocking]

Wow, some salty tears right there in that headline and article, lol. If PC supremacists are so sure of the superiority of the PC (well, a tiny little fraction of the PCs that exist in the world), why do they have to keep repeating the same thing over and over? Sounds like insecurity to me. Don't worry PC guys, you're always gonna have your moment of glory when you stand in front of your friends and brag about how you payed your new 900$ graphic card cash on the nail without breaking a sweat.

[WMANUW]

industry no really gamers...

[cd1]

What a load of sh1t - no click from me.

[RedTfox]

WTF man... PC's and Consoles are totally different beasts!
You know what, i'm tired of this pieces of "information", showing how PC's are better and stronger, etc...
This PC elitist mentality is pure trash, because is always trying to make Consoles appears as the ugly ones.
Well, despite all the bullshit, consoles are alive and well and currently they are growing like never before.

[eyeDEVOUR]

No..Its to sell 4k tv's and psvr

[frostypants]

I think they're just obsessed with selling more consoles...

[2600Thunder]

Its not about proving or disproving, like high school insecurities (and which obviously carried over with these journalists deep into their jobs). It's about their business and Sony's market research showing them viable reasons that they should take the risk for a potential market that is ready to buy. They PS4pro parts kept the cost the same, so why not?

I am primarily a PC gamer, and like me, all my fellow PC buddies are picking one up - mind you for exclusives and PSVR enhancements. They are actually making sales with us and perhaps this was their goal all along rather than a PC replacement system altogether. They are supplementing gaming for PC gamers rather than going against it - especially for those who want most from our PSVRs and still not convinced to buy a Rift or Vive just yet.